Phonics vs. whole-word reading.
And yes, educators and researchers do, in fact, call it the "Reading Wars," and this battle goes back to before the United States of America was a nation. So dramatic!
Here is some academic backstory to set the scene-
Many people think that phonics is the modern answer to the shackles of the era of whole-word teaching. You might be surprised to discover that phonics-based instruction dominated early American education, with the New England Primer of 1690 serving...